In this tutorial, we will show you how to Dockerize a Java Application (an executable Jar file). Tested with Docker 19.03 Ubuntu 19 Java 8 Maven At the end of the article, we will create an executable Jar file and run inside a docker container. 1. Project Directory 1.1 A standard Maven project structure. See …
A simple Java source code to download a web page from the internet. JavaDownloadWebPage.java package com.mkyong; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLConnection; public class JavaDownloadWebPage { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { String result = downloadWebPage("https://mkyong.com"); System.out.println(result); } private static String downloadWebPage(String url) throws IOException { StringBuilder …
In this article, we will show you how to attach the JDK source code into the IntelliJ IDEA? By default, IntelliJ IDEA doesn’t come with JDK source code, and the auto decompile feature is useful; however, we still need to jump in the source code to read the source code comments or docs to understand …
In Java, we can use Apache commons-text, StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml4(str) to escape HTML characters. pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-text</artifactId> <version>1.8</version> </dependency> JavaEscapeHtmlExample.java package com.mkyong.html; // make sure import the correct commons-text package import org.apache.commons.text.StringEscapeUtils; // @deprecated as of 3.6, use commons-text StringEscapeUtils instead //import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringEscapeUtils; public class JavaEscapeHtmlExample { public static void main(String[] args) { String html = …
On Linux, uses sudo crontab -e to define cron jobs that need to run as a root user. $ sudo crontab -e # Run every hour 0 * * * * * /path/this-script-need-root.sh References Wikipedia – Cron
A jsoup HTML parser example to show you how to parse and get all HTML hyperlinks from a web page: pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId> <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId> <version>1.12.1</version> </dependency> JsoupFindLinkSample.java package com.mkyong; import org.jsoup.Jsoup; import org.jsoup.nodes.Document; import org.jsoup.nodes.Element; import org.jsoup.select.Elements; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; public class JsoupFindLinkSample { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { …
In Java, we can use jsoup, a Java HTML parser, to parse a HTML code and pretty print it. pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId> <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId> <version>1.12.1</version> </dependency> JavaPrettyPrintHTML.java package com.mkyong; import org.jsoup.Jsoup; import org.jsoup.nodes.Document; public class JavaPrettyPrintHTML { public static void main(String[] args) { String html = "<html><body><h1>hello world</h1></body></html>"; System.out.println(html); // original Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html); // …
This example shows you how to read input from the console using the standard java.util.Scanner class. JavaScanner.java package com.mkyong.io; import java.util.Scanner; public class JavaScanner { public static void main(String[] args) { try (Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in)) { System.out.print("Please enter your name: "); String input = scanner.nextLine(); System.out.println("name : " + input); System.out.print("Please enter your …
In Java, we can use System.console() to read input from the console. JavaSample.java package com.mkyong.io; import java.io.Console; public class JavaSample { public static void main(String[] args) { // jdk 1.6 Console console = System.console(); System.out.print("Enter your name: "); String name = console.readLine(); System.out.println("Name is: " + name); System.out.print("Enter your password: "); // Reads a password …
A simple Java program tries to download something from the internet: try (InputStream is = new URL(url).openStream(); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is))) { while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) { result.append(line); } } But, some web servers return the following HTTP 403 errors? Exception in thread "main" java.io.IOException: Server returned HTTP response code: 403 …
Here’s a Java example to print a name 1000 times without looping or recursion, instead, use String concatenation and simple math. Just for fun. JavaNoLoop.java package com.mkyong.samples; public class JavaNoLoop { public static void main(String[] args) { String s1 = "Mkyong\n"; String s3 = s1 + s1 + s1; String s10 = s3 + s3 …
In this article, we will show you how to write test assertions with AssertJ. P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 and AssertJ 3.14.0 pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId> <version>5.5.2</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.assertj</groupId> <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId> <version>3.14.0</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> 1. JUnit 5 assertions to AssertJ It’s easy to convert JUnit 5 assertions to AssetJ, see the following syntax: JUnit …
In JUnit 5, we can use @DisplayName to declare custom display names for test classes and test methods. P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 1. @DisplayName 1.1 Default name of test classes and methods. DisplayNameTest.java package com.mkyong.display; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; public class DisplayNameTest { @Test void test_spaces_ok() { } @Test void test_spaces_fail() { } } Output +– …
In JUnit 5, we can use @Timeout to fail a test if the execution time exceeds a given duration. P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 1. @Timeout TimeOutExample1.java package com.mkyong.timeout; import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Timeout; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; public class TimeOutExample1 { // timed out after 5 seconds @BeforeEach @Timeout(5) void setUpDB() throws InterruptedException { //TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10); …
In JUnit 5, we can use assertThrows to assert an exception is thrown. P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 1. Unchecked Exception 1.1 JUnit example of catching a runtime exception. ExceptionExample1.java package com.mkyong.assertions; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*; public class ExceptionExample1 { @Test void test_exception() { Exception exception = assertThrows( ArithmeticException.class, () -> divide(1, 0)); assertEquals("/ …
This article shows you how to run a test multiple times with different arguments, so-called ‘Parameterized Tests’, let see the following ways to provide arguments to the test: @ValueSource @EnumSource @MethodSource @CsvSource @CsvFileSource @ArgumentsSource We need junit-jupiter-params to support parameterized tests. pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId> <version>5.5.2</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!– Parameterized Tests –> <dependency> <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> <artifactId>junit-jupiter-params</artifactId> …
This article shows you how to use the JUnit 5 ConsoleLauncher to run tests from a command line. Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 junit-platform-console-standalone 1.5.2 1. Download JAR To run tests from the command line, we can download the junit-platform-console-standalone.jar from Maven central repository manually. P.S This example is using version 1.5.2. https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/junit/platform/junit-platform-console-standalone/1.5.2/ 2. Usages Usually, …
This article shows you how to use the JUnit 5 @RepeatedTest to repeat a test a specified number of times. P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 1. @RepeatedTest 1.1 The @RepeatedTest test method is just like a regular @Test method, the same life cycle. RepeatedSample1Test.java package com.mkyong.repeated; import org.junit.jupiter.api.*; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; public class RepeatedSample1Test { …
This article shows you how to use the JUnit 5 @Nested annotation to group tests together. P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 Why nested tests? It’s optional to create nested tests. Still, it helps to create hierarchical contexts to structure the related unit tests together; in short, it helps to keep the tests clean and readable. …
This article shows you how to control the JUnit 5 test execution order via the following MethodOrderer classes: Alphanumeric OrderAnnotation Random Custom Order P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 1. Alphanumeric 1.1 It sorts test methods alphanumerically. MethodAlphanumericTest.java package com.mkyong.order; import org.junit.jupiter.api.MethodOrderer; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestMethodOrder; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; @TestMethodOrder(MethodOrderer.Alphanumeric.class) public class MethodAlphanumericTest { @Test void …
This article shows you how to use the JUnit 5 tagging and filtering via the @Tag annotation. Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 Maven 3.6.0 Gradle 5.6.2 1. @Tag A simple tagging for demo. TagMethodTest.java package com.mkyong.tags; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Tag; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; @Tag("branch-20") public class TagMethodTest { @Test @Tag("feature-168") void test1Plus1() { assertEquals(2, 1 + …
JUnit 5 @Disabled example to disable tests on the entire test class or individual test methods. P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 Note You can also disable tests based on conditions. 1. @Disabled on Method 1.1 The test method testCustomerServiceGet is disabled. DisabledMethodTest.java package com.mkyong.disable; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; public class DisabledMethodTest { …
This article shows you how to use JUnit 5 to enable or disable tests based on conditions. P.S Tested with JUnit 5.5.2 1. Operating System 1.1 Enabled or disabled tests based on a particular operating system via @EnabledOnOs and @DisabledOnOs annotations. OperatingSystemTest.java package com.mkyong.conditional; import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.DisabledOnOs; import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.EnabledOnOs; import org.junit.jupiter.api.condition.OS; public class OperatingSystemTest …
Maven compiles and hits the following fatal error messages: Terminal mvn compile Fatal error compiling: error: invalid target release: 1.11 pom.xml <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.11</source> <target>1.11</target> </configuration> </plugin> Solution For maven-compiler-plugin, the correct JDK version is 1.8, 1.9, 1.10, 10, 11, 12 … 17 … pom.xml <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.0</version> <configuration> <source>11</source> <target>11</target> …
Maven compiles and hits the following maven-compiler-plugin error? The POM for org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:jar:3.8.1 is missing, no dependency information available pom.xml <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> </configuration> </plugin> Terminal > mvn compile [INFO] Scanning for projects… [INFO] [INFO] ——————–< com.mkyong.core:junit5-maven >——————– [INFO] Building junit5-maven 1.0 [INFO] ——————————–[ jar ]——————————— [WARNING] The POM for org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-compiler-plugin:jar:3.8.1 is …
This article shows you how to use –enable-preview to enable the preview language features in Java 12, 13 and above. Note Read this JEP 12: Preview Language and VM Features P.S All preview features are disabled by default. On JDK 12: # compile javac Example.java // Do not enable any preview features javac –release 12 …
This example shows you how to write Java ternary operator. Here’s the syntax condition ? get_this_if_true : get_this_if_false Java ternary operator syntax (n > 18) ? true : false; (n == true) ? 1 : 0; (n == null) ? n.getValue() : 0; 1. Java ternary operator 1.1 Java example without ternary operator. JavaExample1.java package …
Few Python examples to show you how to split a string into a dictionary. 1.1 Split a string into a dict. #!/usr/bin/python str = "key1=value1;key2=value2;key3=value3" d = dict(x.split("=") for x in str.split(";")) for k, v in d.items(): print(k, v) Output key1 value1 key2 value2 key3 value3 1.2 Convert two list into a dict. #!/usr/bin/python str1 …
In Java, we can combine a normal loop and .contains(), .startsWith() or .matches() to search for a string in ArrayList. JavaExample1.java package com.mkyong.test; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class JavaExample1 { public static void main(String[] args) { List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add("Java"); list.add("Kotlin"); list.add("Clojure"); list.add("Groovy"); list.add("Scala"); List<String> result = new ArrayList<>(); for (String s …
This article shows you how to use the new Java 11 HttpClient APIs to send HTTP GET/POST requests, and some frequent used examples. HttpClient httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder() .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_2) .followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.NORMAL) .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(20)) .proxy(ProxySelector.of(new InetSocketAddress("proxy.yourcompany.com", 80))) .authenticator(Authenticator.getDefault()) .build(); 1. Synchronous Example This example sends a GET request to https://httpbin.org/get, and print out the response header, status code, and …
This article shows you how to use the OkHttp library to send an HTTP GET/POST requests and some frequent used examples. P.S Tested with OkHttp 4.2.2 pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId> <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId> <version>4.2.2</version> </dependency> 1. Synchronous Get Request OkHttpExample1.java package com.mkyong.http; import okhttp3.Headers; import okhttp3.OkHttpClient; import okhttp3.Request; import okhttp3.Response; import java.io.IOException; public class OkHttpExample1 { // only …
This article shows you how to use Apache HttpClient to perform an HTTP basic authentication. P.S Tested with HttpClient 4.5.10 pom.xml <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId> <version>4.5.10</version> </dependency> Start a simple Spring Security WebApp providing HTTP basic authentication, and test it with the HttpClient 1. Basic Authentication The key is to configure CredentialsProvider and pass it to …
This article shows you how to write Python ternary operator, also called conditional expressions. <expression1> if <condition> else <expression2> expression1 will be evaluated if the condition is true, otherwise expression2 will be evaluated. 1. Ternary Operator 1.1 This example will print whether a number is odd or even. n = 5 print("Even") if n % …
Few Python examples to show you how to generate random integers between 0 (inclusive) and 9 (inclusive) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1. randrange 1.1 Generates random integers between 0 – 9 #!/usr/bin/python import random for i in range(10): print(random.randrange(10)) # 0-9 Output 7 4 1 1 5 1 4 …
In Java 13, the JEP 354: Switch Expressions extends the previous Java 12 Switch Expressions by adding a new yield keyword to return a value from the switch expression. P.S Switch expressions are a preview feature and are disabled by default. Note This is a standard feature in Java 14. 1. No more value breaks! …
Java 13 reached General Availability on 17 September 2019, download Java 13 here or this openJDK archived. Java 13 features. 1. JEP 350 Dynamic CDS Archives 2. JEP 351 ZGC: Uncommit Unused Memory 3. JEP-353 Reimplement the Legacy Socket API 4. JEP-354 Switch Expressions (Preview) 5. JEP-355 Text Blocks (Preview) Java 13 developer features. Switch …
This article shows you how to use JUnit 5 Assumptions to perform a conditional test execution. Technologies used: Maven 3.6 Java 8 JUnit 5.5.2 1. Assumptions 1.1 If the assumeTrue() condition is true, then run the test, else aborting the test. 1.2 The assumingThat() is much more flexible, it allows part of the code to …
This article shows you how to update the IntelliJ IDEA to use the new JDK 13. 1. On the menu, clicks File -> Project Structure 2. Platform Settings -> SDKs, add and point to the JDK 13 installed folder. 3. Project Settings -> Project, change both Project SDK and Project language level to JDK 13. …
In Python, we can use index -1 to get the last element of a list. #!/usr/bin/python nums = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] print(nums[-1]) print(nums[-2]) print(nums[-3]) print(nums[-4]) print(nums[-5]) print(nums[0]) print(nums[1]) print(nums[2]) print(nums[3]) print(nums[4]) Output 5 4 3 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 Yet another example. #!/usr/bin/python # getting list of nums from the …
This article shows you how to add JUnit 5 in a Gradle project. Technologies used: Gradle 5.4.1 Java 8 JUnit 5.5.2 1. Gradle + JUnit 5 1. Add the JUni 5 jupiter engine, and define the useJUnitPlatform() like the following: gradle.build plugins { id ‘java’ id ‘eclipse’ // optional, for Eclipse project id ‘idea’ // …